Q.1 Explain stress in detail with its sources.

Stress can be defined as a state of mental or emotional strain resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances. It is a natural response of the body to challenging or overwhelming situations, which triggers a 'fight or flight' response. The sources of stress can vary from person to person and can include work-related issues such as heavy workloads, long hours, difficult coworkers or bosses, job insecurity, and lack of job satisfaction. Personal issues such as financial problems, family conflicts, health problems, and social pressures can also lead to stress. Additionally, environmental factors such as noise pollution, traffic, and weather changes can also contribute to stress


Q.2 what are human values? Explain their types.

Human values are principles or beliefs that guide a person's behavior and actions. They are fundamental to the development of individual character and influence the decisions and choices made by a person. There are several types of human values, including moral values such as honesty, integrity, and respect for others, ethical values such as justice, fairness, and equality, and spiritual values such as love, compassion, and empathy. Other types of human values include cultural, social, and personal values.


Q.3 Explain the different modes of effective communication.

Effective communication can be achieved through various modes, including verbal, nonverbal, written, and visual communication. Verbal communication involves the use of words and language to convey a message, while nonverbal communication uses gestures, body language, and facial expressions. Written communication involves the use of written language, while visual communication uses images, graphics, and other visual aids. Effective communication requires clear, concise, and accurate expression of ideas and thoughts, as well as active listening and understanding of the message being conveyed.


Q.4 What is professional ethics? Why to study this? Explain engineering ethics. 

Professional ethics refers to the set of moral principles and values that guide the behavior of professionals in a particular field. It is important to study professional ethics because it helps to establish standards of conduct, ensures accountability, and promotes public trust and confidence in the profession. Engineering ethics, in particular, refers to the moral principles and values that guide the behavior of engineers in their professional practice. This includes issues such as safety, environmental protection, social responsibility, and respect for intellectual property rights.


Q.5 Explain the role of engineer as an 'advisor' in planning and policy making.

The role of an engineer as an advisor in planning and policymaking involves providing technical expertise and guidance on engineering issues that impact the planning and development of public policies and programs. This can include issues such as transportation, energy, water resources, and environmental protection. Engineers can use their knowledge and expertise to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and economic viability of proposed policies, as well as to identify potential risks and challenges. In this way, engineers can contribute to the development of policies and programs that are effective, sustainable, and socially responsible.